12 Gauge vs. 20 Gauge vs. 16 Gauge vs. 28 Gauge vs. 10 Gauge: Choosing the Best Shotgun Caliber for Hunting Mallard Ducks
Find the perfect shotgun caliber to bag more Mallards this season.
When it comes to hunting Mallard ducks, one of the biggest challenges hunters face is choosing the right shotgun caliber. With so many options—12 gauge, 20 gauge, 16 gauge, 28 gauge, and 10 gauge—it can feel like you need a degree in ballistics just to make a decision. But fear not! We’re here to break down the pros, cons, and best uses of each caliber so you can hit the blind with confidence.
Caliber Comparisons
| Feature | 12 gauge | 20 gauge | 16 gauge | 28 gauge | 10 gauge |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recoil How much kick you can expect when firing. |
Moderate | Low | Moderate | Very Low | High |
| Effective Range The distance at which the caliber remains effective for duck hunting. |
40-50 yards | 30-40 yards | 40-50 yards | 25-35 yards | 50+ yards |
| Pellet Count Number of pellets in a typical shell, affecting spread and coverage. |
High | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Very High |
| Weight of Ammunition How heavy the shells are to carry around. |
Moderate | Light | Moderate | Very Light | Heavy |
| Best Use Case Ideal hunting scenarios for each caliber. |
General-purpose duck hunting | Youth or beginner hunters | Traditionalists and enthusiasts | Close-range hunting | Long-range and big water hunting |
12 gauge
The 12 gauge is the most popular shotgun caliber for waterfowl hunting, offering a perfect balance of power, range, and versatility. It has been the go-to choice for generations of hunters due to its ability to handle a wide variety of loads and conditions.
Pros
- High pellet count for excellent coverage
- Effective at medium to long ranges
- Widely available ammunition
Cons
- Moderate recoil may be uncomfortable for some
- Heavier than smaller gauges
Interesting Fact: The 12 gauge is so versatile that it’s often referred to as the ‘Swiss Army knife’ of shotguns.
Consider this Caliber If…
You want a reliable, all-around shotgun for Mallard hunting.
20 gauge
The 20 gauge is a lighter alternative to the 12 gauge, making it ideal for youth hunters or those who prefer reduced recoil. While it doesn’t pack quite the punch of a 12 gauge, it’s still effective for Mallards at closer ranges.
Pros
- Low recoil for comfortable shooting
- Lightweight for easy carrying
- Great for beginners
Cons
- Less effective at longer ranges
- Smaller pellet count
Interesting Fact: The 20 gauge is often called the ‘gentleman’s shotgun’ due to its lighter recoil and refined handling.
Consider this Caliber If…
You’re introducing someone to duck hunting or prefer a lighter setup.
16 gauge
The 16 gauge sits between the 12 and 20 gauge in terms of power and recoil. While not as popular as it once was, it’s still a favorite among traditionalists who appreciate its balanced performance and nostalgic appeal.
Pros
- Balanced power and recoil
- Effective at medium ranges
- A classic choice for enthusiasts
Cons
- Limited ammunition availability
- Not as versatile as 12 gauge
Interesting Fact: The 16 gauge was once considered the ‘perfect shotgun caliber’ before the 12 gauge took over in popularity.
Consider this Caliber If…
You value tradition and want a caliber that blends power and finesse.
28 gauge
The 28 gauge is the lightest of the bunch, offering minimal recoil and a nimble feel. While it’s not ideal for long-range shots, it’s perfect for close-range hunting and small-framed hunters.
Pros
- Very low recoil
- Lightweight and easy to handle
- Ideal for close-range shots
Cons
- Limited range
- Smaller pellet count
Interesting Fact: The 28 gauge is so light that some hunters joke it’s the ‘shotgun for birdwatchers.’
Consider this Caliber If…
You’re hunting in tight spaces or want the lightest setup possible.
10 gauge
The 10 gauge is the heavyweight champion of duck hunting, offering unmatched power and range. It’s the go-to choice for hunters tackling big water or long-range shots, but its hefty recoil and weight make it less appealing for casual outings.
Pros
- Exceptional range and power
- High pellet count for maximum coverage
- Ideal for big water hunting
Cons
- High recoil
- Heavy ammunition and shotgun
- Not suitable for beginners
Interesting Fact: The 10 gauge is so powerful that it’s often compared to a small cannon.
Consider this Caliber If…
You’re hunting in open water or need maximum stopping power.
Conclusion
Choosing the right shotgun caliber for Mallard duck hunting depends on your experience level, hunting style, and preferences. Whether you opt for the versatile 12 gauge, the lightweight 20 gauge, the classic 16 gauge, the nimble 28 gauge, or the powerhouse 10 gauge, each has its own strengths. Evaluate your needs and make an informed decision for your next hunt.